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Seeing Ourselves/Seeing the City: An Expedition into 9th Grade
At the Science Leadership Academy, we understand that the transition into High School can be a difficult one. We are pleased to offer a one-week Summer Institute this August, to ease that transition and allow our students and faculty to begin forging bonds together as a learning community – before the “hard work” of the classroom begins.
Led by faculty and upper-class students, this one-week orientation will have two goals, the first is to begin the process of bringing them into the unique, diverse SLA community. To that end, students will spend part of the time in their Advisory Groups, getting to know the students and teachers that will be a part of their community from their first day at SLA through graduation and beyond.
Second, the week will be built around our philosophy of student-driven, hands-on, project-based learning. We want to introduce our students to SLA’s core values of Inquiry, Research, Collaboration,Presentation, and Reflection from the start, and get them acclimated to the high expectations we have for their high school careers. Using The Franklin Institute and other Philadelphia sites as their “classroom,” students will begin working to explore a variety of questions and problems relating to their surroundings and their place within it. Our students will practice the art of “seeing in new ways” as it relates to the process of observation, analysis, and interpretation.
During Summer Institute, students will work to ultimately create a collaborative project to present to their classmates, while, at the same time, establishing positive relationships and a sense of themselves as first-year SLA students. It will be an exciting, enriching, and energizing way to gear up for the year.
See you in August!
P.S. If you have any general questions about the school year, please refer to our Family Night Packet.
Check out the New Exhibits at the Franklin Institute!
Congratulations, Mr. Gray!
Congratulations to Mr. Gray for being awarded a five-year Teaching Fellowship from the Knowles Science Teaching Foundation (KSTF). Gray is one of 32 early-career science, technology, engineering, and/or mathematics (STEM) teachers to receive this national honor.
SLA@Beeber Student Entrepreneurs Win $500 to Pursue Their Business Idea
Summer Opportunities for Students
10th Grade Summer Reading
Benchmark
Abstract
My grandmother Cynthia Washington reflects on how it was to be African American during the Civil Rights Movement time period. She shared her knowledge and outlooks on topics pertaining to discrimination against blacks and her outlook on race and how it ties into society. She begins the conversation talking about how she attended a segregated school and then later moves into her perception of race and events/ things that were occurring when the Civil Rights movement took place. She wraps up the interview with her thoughts on what was going on in the schools at the time and how whites were offered a much better education than blacks were.
Research
Topic: How was the education offered to blacks during the Civil Rights Movement different than the education that was offered to the whites?
In most places the blacks lived in some of the poorest places and neighborhoods with some of the worst schools/ facilities. The teachers had the worst paid jobs so therefore they couldn’t afford some of the common schools/ facilities.
That they did was symbolic that they had the worst paid jobs that could only afford the most basic of facilities. The worst financed schools were most of the ones that were separated. Meaning they were segregated. This information can tie into what my grandmother told me in the interview because she said the schools didn’t have a lot of money and most times they didn’t have enough supplies to educate the students at all times.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/civil_rights_education.htm
I didn't get to have a face to face conversation with my interviewee so I don't have an audio file. I did however have a phone interview with my person and wrote down their answers to my questions.
Conversation
ME- Hi grandma, how are you doing today?
GRANDMA- I'm doing good Imani, how about you?
ME- I'm fine, I called to see if you could answer some questions about life during the Civil rights Movement time.
GRANDMA- Sure, I'll answer some questions.
ME- Ok I have 10 questions for you
GRANDMA- Ok
ME- Did you attend a segregated school?
GRANDMA- Yes
ME- Did you ever get attacked by a group of white people? Either by their words or violent actions?
GRANDMA- I had never gotten physically attacked by any whites but every now and then there would be whites that would say rude racial slurs and remarks to me
ME- How has your perception of race changed from then and now?
GRANDMA- I see race in a way different limelight then I did back then. Back then I didn't feel that race was a good things. Simply because of the fact that me and my people were getting discriminated against. I didn't feel like whites and blacks were equal in anyway. A lot of things were unfair to me. A lot of things also didn't sit right with me. Now we're in a whole nother day in age where these aren't the circumstances anymore. I feel the exact opposite on how I felt before.
ME- What specific things do you remember from when the Civil Rights Movement took place?
GRANDMA- There was a lot of protesting going on and a lot of violent outbreaks.
ME- How do you see the role of race in society?
GRANDMA- I feel and think that race plays a huge role in society. For example believe it or not sometimes race can play into what kind of a job you can get how much money people decide you earn etc.
ME- Did you feel like a minority during these times?
GRANDMA- Yes i did, like I stated before I just felt like a lot of things were unfair.
ME- Did you ever feel like you weren't safe since whites were so prejudice against blacks?
GRANDMA- At times I would feel unsafe especially because of the things you would see on tv and in the newspapers about violence going on in other places.
ME- What were some things you observed pertaining to discrimination?
GRANDMA- I would see and hear whites making racial comments and other offensive things to blacks.
ME- What took place/ what was going on in schools during these times?
GRANDMA- In the black schools a lot of changes were taking place. We didn't have everything that we needed at all times to be educated properly. Such as the school not having enough supplies and books for kids... etc
ME- Did you feel like you got the same education that whites had/ were offered. Why or why not?
GRANDMA- No because we didn't have as good of a quality education that they were offered. Like I said before sometimes we didn't even have enough materials for everybody to learn.
10th Grade Summer Advisory Assignment
Sports Journalism - L. Newbern
Keith Pompey
By: Lyza Newbern
lnewbern@slabeeber.org
Born in the Frankford part of Philadelphia, this beat reporter answers questions from 7 of Science Leadership Academy @ Beeber’s students during an hour long Q&A. Questions like ‘When did you start writing?’, ‘Did you ever run out of things to write about?’, and of course ‘Who do you think will go home champions from the NBA championship game?’ It was an hour of laughter, memories were shared and made.
He talked answered questions about the hardships of working on the beat, considering the hours he had to put into it during the 2013-2014 season. Pompey, being the reporter for the Philadelphia Seventy-Sixers and their record beating 26 games in-a-row losses he has dealt with a lot of different feedback and reviews from his readers. He stated that this is the “age of twitter” and that he has to keep up with his competitors more now than ever because of the internet. One of the students asked a question that went along the lines of “How did you never run out of things to say while writing throughout their losing streak?” he shed some light about things that he knew with the student and the overall goal of what he did while this was going on. He said that he knew he always had to tell a story, he knows that the game story becomes old faster now because of the internet and that he knew he had to write about something else to keep people interested and entertained. While writing throughout the NBA all-time high record of straight loses he wrote about them as if they were the Heat. Not thinking about the loss - or win - he wrote because it was his “duty” to keep his readers happy.
“Let’s face it the heat lost to the sixers.” was his reply when asked who his prediction on who will win the NBA 2014 championship. He stated that the - predicted - winners of the final game have the “Best Bench in the league.”
While being a writer on the beat is extremely tiring, Pompey, believes he will be able to last another 2-3 years doing what he loves. His dream however is “to shoot for the ESPN.” He is dedicated to only go up.Oral Benchmark Project - Elizabeth Cauvin
- is action that denies social participation or human rights to categories of people based on prejudice
- Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans in Southern states still inhabited a starkly unequal world of disenfranchisement, segregation and various forms of oppression, including race-inspired violence.
- The modern period of civil rights reform can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated, small-scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders, and organizations.
EC - Hello how are ?
Ms.Jones - Im fine
EC - Ok so um The first question is What do you know about The Civil Rights Movement?
Ms.Jones - Um I lived on the part of the civil Rights movement, and um I know that it was a time where that is was a time where minority, preferably blacks was uh outworldly demonstrating for equal rights and even our famous leader was Martin Luther king , and he um broke a lot of barriers by even uh uh um making some blacks schools in the south accept some white schools accept black students dealt with something with Rosa Parks, where she didn’t have to sit in the back of the bus, and I know in Philadelphia I uh um joined in the marches from my high school Dobbins to city hall where we uh marched into civil rights. So I kind of experienced it.
EC - Ok um What was your conceptualization of race and how it has changed?
Ms.Jones- ok Um well race is just happy dance , I mean you were born of the race of your mother and father , you don’t choose it. But basically except for the skin color , were all the same its just in the minds of people the feel that the lighter fair of skin tones are better than the darker tones. I think it ih ignorance , i think its uh prejudice , but then ever race is prejudice in some way or another even dark skin people are prejudice against the light skins. The light skins against the dark skins, and it has always been and I fill it always will be.
EC - ok so um how did you see the role of race in society?
Ms.jones- Um I think that society now don’t really fight for anything, and I feel the racist in society now has set the civil uh the the , all of the- the uh um fight that we did for the civil right back 50 years. Um they claim that people are more acceptance now, but I feel that um racism has its own ugly face, in everything worse than it did before. And one evidence is to want to be reversed the um informative action - ok , and once they reversed that you could no longer go into court, and be heard, in the matter of race.
EC -Hmm Ok so What do you remember from the Civil Rights Movement ?
Ms.Jones- I can remember um the the the the killing of Martin Luther King. Um I can remember the riots in Philadelphia. Uh I can remember um as as a child when they uh did the riots in my neighborhood, uh where the police liked bashed in our store door because we wouldn’t go inside. I can remember the neighbors breaking in their own store and their own neighborhoods , and stealing the products. I can remember day Martin Luther King was dead , and how silent it was that morning and uh how everybody rode in the cars and the lights on. Um I can remember breaking out of my school at Dobbins, and um with the other student body , and uh marching and singing the songs like “we shall overcome”. Um I can remember marching around uh Girard college because it didn’t accept any blacks. Um I can remember the bombing of the churches in Atlanta where the kids got killed, so its all through by bringing them.
EC - that’s crazy
EC - Um, ok , so Were you ever discriminated as a child going to school ? If so how did you deal with it ?
Ms.Jones- Absolutely I have being a dark skin of a black women, um y-your discriminated against, like I said the fairer skin of blacks I can remember , like even when we saw blacks on t.v it was like fairer skin women , were the stars , and the darker women only got um parts as maids or nannies and things. And I can remember when they had um toys and cartoons of like “pick-a-mutant” , “blackface” , and um “Ain’t ya momma on the pancake box” (laughter) - Ok . And um it’s still here because they just had the case with the um the sports owner. Just because people don’t speak about it in public , don’t mean that they don’t feel it and speak about it within their own group. Its alive , and living in America and every other country.
EC - Um How old were you during the Civil Rights Movement ?
Ms.Jones- um I still feel were in the civil rights movement, so i’ve been in the civil rights movement from birth- okay (laughter) - and it never stopped. I can remember my first trip going with my family to South Carolina to visit my grandmother, and I’ve must’ve been eight and I was suprised how we couldn’t go to the bathrooms , to the restaurants, um I was surprised of how some of the Blacks lives versus the ones who wasn’t . And they stood there, they definitely had signs in places “White Only” - okay - Um I can remember first time on my job where , and I wore a uh African type hair due , and my boss was caucasian - (The time had ran out , so I started a new one )
EC - okay were going to start off - ( still on the other question which is : Um How old were you during the Civil Rights Movement ? )
Ms.Jones- In my early twenties, was my first job when um the African hair due became popular. The first day I went to work with it, my boss just happened to be caucasian uh joke to me was “ what did you do ? Stick you finger in electric socket - Okay ( laughter) - which ( laughter ) I didn’t find very funny - Okay ( and more laughter ) - And oh , so thats the new that one.
EC - How was it back in the day, when you were a child?
Ms.Jones- Well like - in fact , back in the day it wasn’t hidden racist. So you were very much aware of it . So um it was just an um acceptance um of a way of life. You didn’t like it , but you were aware. You knew certain neighborhoods you didn’t go in , you knew if you went to certain places, you could not go in and use the uh restrooms or be served in the restaurant. You knew certain schools were not going to get into , so it was - you you unlike today where it’s hidden it was out there for you to deal with it back when I was a child.
EC - What's different from today and back in the day ?
Ms.Jones- Well that was one difference is that it was clear , versus hidden. In fact, it was some of that where in the laws , I mean it was just acceptable behavior … okay. And back in the day, like you didn’t learn about black history , it was - I was an adult before I realized that blacks invented things and had a history. So um it was just a uh uh uh regular way of life , that was the reason that excited the um Civil Rights Movement because after a while people just got tired of being treated that kind of way , and that made like great men like Martin Luther king and other Civil Rights leaders um put their life on the line to change these things um because under the guidelines we all made equal.
EC - Do you know about Emmett Till , and how do you feel about his death ?
Ms.Jones- Now I’m not familiar with that name , like I said back then they did not teach us black history.
EC- Okay …
Ms.Jones- So I feel that the kids today know more about black history uh leaders than we did , we only know the ones that was out there on the television.
EC- well Emmett Till he wasn’t like a leader he was 14 year old that got beaten brutally , and like his face was messed up , like his mom didn’t even know it was him , and she had an open casket funeral.
Ms.Jones- Ok Ok I remember that. Now the way I feel about that is just that was typical of the way they used to victimize uh blacks uh in the South and other places from the beginning in the time. I mean back to when they had uh segregation where they used hang blacks from the trees -
EC - yes they lynched them
Ms.jones- yeah well they lynched them so blacks always been in danger in certain parts of the the world that they go because their black. And to make it more personal um I have a sister that um went to a party at a friend of her’s house who happened to be caucasian whereas she was the only black at the party , and some point they all jumped on her and uh this was right here in center city about 4 YEARS AGO . So like I said it’s just the way it is , you can’t change what’s in mind , and when they had the uh the guys of wood hoods they had children and the children had children and these are the people that are out um in the workplace now, and you went to school wit ‘em and you wouldn’t think that their attitudes had changed. They-They seem to say when they took off their hood “we’re going in but we’re coming out different
EC - yeah i agree
Ms.Jones- Its still there because these kids and the kids of the kids are worse than them because they have been feed the stuff from birth .
EC- okay -
Ms.Jones - Alright
EC - Do you have any final thoughts ? Anything else you would like to say ?
Ms.Jones- It’s just that I had hoped that in my lifetime I would see a change , but um it is - In fact , its coming back again in hard. its just that children of today never experienced it they way we did don’t recognized it. And they were brought up to feel that it’s not there . they don’t see where it touches - okay … because they're not aware. We were aware , so hopefully um I believe in God and I still feel that he has the final say in all this
EC - thank you for answering my questions , have a nice day .
Ms.Jones - You too.Oral History Benchmark Kevin Williams
Abstract
In this interview my Grandmother Gloria B. Hopkins talked to me about how she never really encountered any racism personally. She also talked to me about how our family that was in Alabama was brought up and the segregations problems that the family faced in that part of the country. My 65 year old grandmother goes into great detail on how things were taking place back in her time.
Research
My Grandmother talked about how her High School didn’t have any racial problems but a High School in Little Rock, AR couldn’t say that. A couple African Americans kids were brave enough to attend an ALL WHITE school. After the school day the kids were harassed and verbally assaulted. My Grandmother also stated that in Alabama there was segregation with a lot of the public facilities. In my research I found out they kept most of the public black units separate from the white units.
Sources
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States
- http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1917beyond/essays/crm.htm
- http://www.historybits.com/civilrights.htm
- http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/civil-rights-movement-overview
Interviewee- Gloria B. Hopkins
Interviewer- Kevin J. Williams
GH- Gloria B. Hopkins
KW- Kevin J. Williams
GH- Good Afternoon, my name is Gloria B. Hopkins and I’m the Grandmother or shall I say Nana of one of your Pride students Mr. Kevin Williams, and I’m here to do an interview. Kevin has asked me to be a interviewee for one of his projects at school. So I’m more than Happy to do that. The date is tuesday May 20th, 2014, and Kevin I’m all ready, lets get started.
KW- How are you doing today Nana?
GH- I’m great how about your self sweet heart?
KW- I’m doing good.
GH- It’s a beautiful day, and it’s election day so we’re hoping that everyone will exercise their right to vote today and VOTE. OKAY
KW- Alright Nana lets get started
GH- Let’s get Started
KW- So my project is about racism as you know, so I just wanted to know when you were in school did you ever encounter any racism?
GH- Kevin I was very fortunate that while I was growing up it was very little if any racism that I actually experienced, living in the North, living in Philadelphia. I know that there was sections of the city where racism did exist, however where I resided it did not. I lived in a section of Philadelphia called Germantown and section called Tioga. So I did not encounter any type of racism growing up. Either my Junior High School or my Elementary School and even my High School, I never encountered any racism.
KW- So when you were growing up lIke your friends, were you allowed to play with other white kids?
GH- Oh definately, definately well I grew up as a kid so whrn I was 11 and 12 most of my friends was of other cultures. Jackie P, Jackie S, and Philis. We were all buddies. We would go in and out of eachothers houses. They would eat at my house and I would eat at their house. There was no type of racism, we never encountered that or I personally never encountered that. Even though I was very much aware that it was going on in other parts of the city, but not basically where I lived.
KW- Did any members in our family,like older members in our family ever really encounter any racism?
GH- I’m sure my Mother did, my Mother was a nurse and she went to Medical College of Pennsylvania. In Philadelphia on Henrie Avenue. She worked there for about 35 years in Nursery. Yes, she would tell me of times some of the Rpatients did not want her handle their baby because her skin tone was Black. But she was one of the most outstanding nurses that the Medical College of Pennsylvania ever even had.
KW- Right
GH- So i know that my Father was one of the very first black bricklayers here in Philadelphia, he worked for a company called John B. Kelly. And yes because he was black, yes he experienced racism quite often on the various jobs.
KW- Right I know that was really tough.
GH- It was tough, it was tough the ground was being broken in the south there were changes that was being made all across the country. It was a tough time but for me personally I didn’t really have too much of a first hand experience on that.
KW- I know that we have family in the south right Nana, like I know that you talked to our southern cousins. I just wanted to know did they tell you about anything that took place down there?
GH- My mother was originally from Alabama. She was from a family of Ten children, 8 girls and 2 Boys. My grandfather John Mae was a very prestigious land owner there in the South. He had over 450 acres of farmland and they raised Cotton and they raised strawberries, all kinds of sweet potatoes and potatoes. With John Mae being who he was he was very respected in the south. My mother and her siblings they attended school with other white children. I’m sure they must’ve have experienced a lot of racism there. But as I said my grandfather was very well respected in the black and the white communities. My grandmother used to cook big pots she would feed everybody black,white, it didn’t make any difference. So yes in the south “Alabama very much so, but not too much for my parents that I am truly aware. But now back in that time when my mother was alive when she was being raised yes there was Jim Crow there were only blacks only could eat here, for colored people only,different water fountains for white people and another water fountain for colored people. So it was definitely alive and well in Alabama during the 60’s. That’s why we so many race riots and people children wanting to get into white schools and the whites not wanting them to be there. But segregation was alive and well in the south.
KW- I know that you didn’t really encounter any racism but like I know that you knew what it was and it was happening in other parts of the city and things. How does it make you feel that are race was being fought against really?
GH- Well I was always raised by my mother and my father to know that I was the best and that I could do anything that I set my mind to do. My mother worked with a lot of white people as nurses they loved her the doctors they respected her. I was always raised to believe that I could do anything that I wanted to do. I was always very outspoken I was very well aware what was going on in my surroundings. Not only here in Philadelphia but in other parts of the country. I realized that what I had here in Philadelphia other people didn’t have. The opportunity to go to school to do anything that you wanted to do if you were willing to work hard and set your mind to it. Those opportunities were available to me. I graduated from high school in 1966, from Germantown High School. My class was a very mixed class, whites and blacks. In the area that I live in now in Philadelphia so many of my white friends live in the area where I am now, which is predominantly black. So yes racism was alive but my parents always taught me that I can do anything that I wanted to do. And that I can do all things through Christ Jesus that strengthens me.
KW- Alright Thank you Nana, I really appreciate it.
GH- You're welcome I hope that you do well on this, Thank I’m excited that you thought about interviewing your Nana. I love you Sweetheart Good bye
Oral History Benchmark-Zoie Jones
Abstract
In this interview, Joy Lawrence reflects on the importance of race and the role it has played in her life. In this interview she opens up about how she notices the role race plays in her society and community. She brings up how racial tensions have improved and talks about how long we have until we can truly be united as one nation.
Research
Housing discrimination is discrimination based on protected class status, variously including race, gender, ethnicity, national origin, sexual orientation and gender identity. Fair Housing Act of 1968 was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in April 1968. This act prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin or sex. Joy Lawrence references not being allowed to buy the home of her and her husband, Edwin Lawrence’s, choice in the neighborhood of her choice (Yeadon)during the 1960’s because they were not selling houses to African Americans. Joy and her husband bought their house the year the Fair Housing Act was passed.
Sources
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/fair-housing-act
http://www.civilrights.org/fairhousing/laws/housing-discrimination.html
Transcript
Zoie Jones: Today, June 5th, I will be interviewing my grandmother, Joy Lawrence. So Grandma, what is your definition of the word “race”
Joy Lawrence: (pause) Race.. any ethnic body.
ZJ: Okay..Do you believe that race plays a role in your community and society as a whole?
JL: Definitely.
ZJ: And why do you believe that?
JL: Just look at our schools. In the predominantly white schools, there are all the facilities for learning. You go to a black school or a mixed school and the children have not got half of the facilities as the other children in the white schools. (pause) The.. you go to the supermarkets in the predominately black or African American stores compared with those in the white stores. Everything is fresher in the white stores than in the black stores. You look at the streets in a black or mixed community nothing is being done to clean them. You go to the white or suburban area and everything is spic and span, and we all pay taxes. Um..
ZJ: Has race ever played a role in your life?
JL: Yes, race has played a role in my life and is still playing a role in my life.
ZJ: And how?
JL: Because looking for a home, you would see a nice home in an area and you know you were not allowed to go there to buy a home because they were not selling homes to you unless you were of a certain ethnic group. A black person couldn’t go in a white neighborhood and buy a home. In some cases some people managed to get a home, and then they were discriminated against. Some people.. they even bombed their homes, they broke in their homes, they threw eggs on their homes and stuff like that. Some people got so disgusted they actually had to leave from where they lived. And, I think that in.. everybody should be allowed to live where they want to live and do what they want to do. Since there are laws in the country saying that we should not be discriminated against there should be some kind of backup or some kind of.. what should I say.. some way to uphold those laws.
ZJ: Um.. why are human rights important?
JL: Human rights are important because in everything, there has to be some kind of borderline. There have to be some kind of rules and regulations so that people would know not to overstep certain boundaries. Thats why the Constitution is there and thats why the cities have the stipulations.. what could be done here and what could be done there. Everything needs rules and regulations, lets just say that.
ZJ: Um.. do you believe that racial tensions have improved since the Civil Rights Movement or have they become worse?
JL: Have they become what?
ZJ: Worse.
JL: They have improved to a certain extent. For example there are no more signs saying whites only or blacks only and people can now go to any restaurant. You could travel anywhere, which um.. before Civil RIghts Movement everything was discriminated against. But then, a lot of people not taking advantage of all the things brought in to help blacks.
JL: Tell me Zoie.
ZJ: Um, do you believe racial tensions have improved?
JL: Tensions?
ZJ: Tenisons. Like do you believe we are all united as one race or do you think we’re separated?
JL: Yeah, the tensions they have improved. They have improved. I mean um, because of the laws you feel freer to go into places. You feel freer to apply for a job and there are laws that should be um, in your favor. Like before that everything was out of order.
JL: Alright, what else?
ZJ: Nothing ,that’s it. Thank you Grandma.History Interview
Interviewer: Jordan Escobar
Abstract: Gladys Rivera, a Puerto Rican woman growing up in Miami during the 1960s describes her experiences with African Americans in her environment, and her encounters with the movements pushed by them. She also makes mention of MLK, and feels that he made a difference in the end. She remembers how they marched, what it was like to see them push for what they wanted, and how these events could’ve been dangerous. She may not remember the details, but this is how she remembers that era.
However, keep in mind she is old. The answers she give are not always 100% related to the asked question. But she is not lying, this is her account of what happened.
Research: During the conversation my grandmother mentions Martin Luther King Jr., and the marches inspired by him. Martin Luther King is most famous for his speech “I Have A Dream”. This speech was given during the Washington March that he organized, where thousands of African Americans marched on Washington DC for a peaceful protest. Martin Luther King Jr. followed a strict doctrine of non-violence. Gladys remembers the “I Have a Dream” speech, and how after all these years, she’s seen with her own eyes that the movement did make a difference.
JE: What kind of environment did you grow up in? How were African Americans a part of your life.
GR It was a lot different. People got together. People got along very good. But today everyone is more to themselves
JE Now, did you ever see African Americans being treated unfairly?
GR Not really, I see that everyone was being treated fine.
JE: Do you remember seeing marches for movements? Can you describe them?
GR I saw marches for Martin Luther King, and rights. Blacks and hispanics.
JE You saw them march together?
GR Yes. Together.
JE What would you say was the goal of the marches?
GR They were trying to get people to get together.
JE: Was it a success?
GR: Not really but they tried.
JE: Compared to today, was integration worse back then?
GR: They didn’t care how African Americans did. Now people care, what they say matters.
JE: Do you think they were alone (African Americans)?
GR: No, a lot of people were together
JE: Do you think they handled the situation well (blacks and whites)?
GR: Black people didn’t get anywhere before. Whites didn’t listen to blacks, but now they do.
JE: At anytime did you think it got dangerous?
GR: Yes, they had violent encounters using weapons.
JE: How long did it take before integration sunk in?
GR: Things really changed in the early 2000s. Things have changed a lot. Everyone is treated the same now
JE: How did whites treat blacks on the street?
GR: They treated them like they were nothing; badly. Now they are treated right
JE: Do you think there’s a problem today with racism?
GR: No, not for the most part.
JE: How did African Americans interact with you? (interviewee is of hispanic descent)
GR: Fine, normally. They treated me with kindness. They treated whites with the same respect.
Troy Taylor's History interview
Abstract- In this interview with my grandmother, she talks about her personal experiences with the civil rights era. She tells how she went to the March on Washington and the Emancipation Oak at the college that she went to, Hampton University.
G- "Yes I would."
T- "Okay."
G-"I was, umm coming home from Virginia. I went to school in Hampton, Virginia. And I was coming home and my art teacher was driving us; a bunch of, you know, college kids; and we stopped to get something to eat in Maryland. And we sat down at the table and the waitress came over to where the art teacher was and she told the art teacher that she could not serve us because the students were black, she was white."
T- "Mmhhm"
G- " And I remember saying that they couldn't do that and the art teacher said, 'Yes they can', so she got us up and we went out"
T- " There was nothing you could do about it?"
G- " Not then, no."
T- " Hmm"
G-" The restaurant was just one of those that would not serve black people."
T-" And what year was this in?"
G- " Well it had to be in '64 or '65, in Maryland."
T- " Another question, did you have any close encounters with any like Civil Rights' Acts like the March on Washington or like sit-ins?"
G- " I went to the March on Washington with umm the Lees' which was a family that I knew in Jersey. And they were going to the March and they asked me if I wanted to go and I said yes"
T- " Did you see anything? Anything that like surprised you?"
G- "Not that surprised me. I heard Martin Luther King when he gave his, you know, 'I had a dream', speech. And umm, that's all. I remember there being a whooooooole lot of people there. And we stayed until he finished and then we left."
T- " Where there like more white people or more black people?"
G- " More black people... I think"
T- "Did you see him or did you just hear it?"
G- " See him"
T-" You saw him? Did you have like... was it close or were you like all the way in the back?"
G- ' I was in about the middle"
T- *Clears throat* ' Umm, did race play a big part, I guess you kind of answered it, but did it play a big part in the world you grew up in when you were younger?"
G- " Not that it had any exact fallout on me. I really didn't feel it until I went to school in Virginia and in the town that the school was in, they had some ... you know, where you couldn't sit at a counter to eat. And there's a tree: there's a big tree on campus. A real big tree. And it was called the Emancipation Oak and that's where they read the Emancipation Proclamation to the black people that were down there. That wasn't when I was there but that's what the tree meant. That was the name of the tree, The Emancipation Oak,"
T- " Did you learn about, like when you went to college, did they tell you about it and stuff?"
G- " Yes. And there were books and I read the books and I read the books and I went to the ummm, there was a, ummm; over by the boys' campus, boys side of the campus, there was a cemetery. And in that cemetery, they had bodies of the, umm, people who had died in a plague. Uhh, slaves and Indians who had died of a plague, so they had a lot of children in that cemetery. But I used to go over there fairly regularly, just to check out the headstones and, you know, then I started reading about the area."
T- " Did you meet any famous Civil Rights' Activists?"
G-" No"
T- " No?"
T -" Do you have any other stories that you want to share? Anything else?"
G-"Not that I... no. I really don't think... no. I know when I would go into town, in the Hampton town, I would run into some people who I felt like didn't like me; didn't like us, but nothing in particular directly relating to me."
T- " And what college did you go to?"
G- " Hampton University. Then, it was called Hampton Institute. Now, it's called Hampton University."
T- " Well thank you very much Grami. I appreciate it."
G- " You're very welcome Troy Taylor"
Key-
G=Grami
T-Troy
The great migration
Interviewee: Pearl Williams
Interviewee DOB: May 5 1954
Interviewee Ethnicity: African American
Interviewer: De'jah Williams
Abstract
I interviews my grandmother who was kind of apart of the great migration because she moved to Philadelphia at the age of 11 and She moved here from Warsaw,North Carolina. I'm this interview we talked about how slavery impacted Her as a child living in the south and the difference between North Carolina and Philadelphia. We also talked about the MLK speech and how his speech impacted us as a whole and did it change much I'm the world today.
Research
The Great Migration is the movement of 6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that lasted up until the 1960s.
Sources
•http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129827444
•http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration
•http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_migration.html
Transcript
dw: What events do you remember around the time martin luther king gave his speech?
aw: what events do I.. that i remember , i don't know i as only , i was in the fourth grade when martin luther king gave his speech , so i mean i really don't remember. you have to remember now that i am 60 years old now , that was a long time ago.
dw. so you don't remember anything around the time ..
aw: when he gave his speech.
dw: and what do you actually know like where were you what was going on during the time of the speech?
aw: i was ugh… i don't know where was I, maybe ugh , i guess i wasn't at school at the time when he gave the… when did he give the speech? when you know i don't know maybe in school maybe i was in school . i remember the speech i remember when all those people went to washington you know cause i was in north carolina at the time, so i can't remember exactly where i was.
dw: Did, did any of that , that was going on affect your childhood in any way as far as segregation?
aw: yes cause ugh at that time i was in north carolina like i said and we did go to school with white children we was ugh we went to there was a black scholl and white school you know during that time
dw: okay
aw: and white people was always calling us the ‘’n’’ word back then i remember that do you want me to tell you about what i did to somebody that called me the ‘’n’’ word?
dw: sure.
aw: the was this girl that lived across the road from me and that the time it was a little road highway like and it was was me and my oldest brother wade and it was a boy and a girl they lived across the road and they had plum tree ugh i think they had a pear tree they had all kinds of fruit trees they had bates fig tree and we liked the plums and you know by them having the tree they didn't eat all them plums they be falling on the ground and sometimes they would really act.. they would stand across that road and throw plums at us instead of giving them to us.. (laughter)
dw: (laughter)
aw: letting us eat em . cause we wanted to they you know they had so many , it didn't matter to them , they actually would stand across that road and through those plums at us and call us the ‘’n’’ word and see my brother is real dark skin wade he is real dark real dark and they really use to call him black you know names, so, the, the girl had a long pony tail so when our parents wasn't around because my father and my mother use to tell us don't bother them just don't may then no mind you know but you know we was tired of them calling us names so we caught them one day , i caught that girl and i tried to beat her head in that ground i told her dont you never ever call me a nigger again and every time she would see me she run, she hall tailed in the house mmhm and …
dw: during this time did it affect your education in any way?
aw: no cause i learned what i wanted to lean anyway , if i didn't wanna do nothing in school ( laughter) no let me stop at that time yes, no it didn't affect my learning at all because during that time i had to remember the getsy bird adrees i remember that abraham lincoln gets bird adress i was in the fourth grade and i remember we all had to learn and everybody had to stand up in the class and recite the and i remember Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure, now i don't remember anything else now i you know its it comes back every now and then ugh ok now
dw: ummm… what major changes happened during the civil war and now , are there any major changes during then and now
aw: thats why they umm i think thats when we all started going to school together black and whites , i think that umm we even started to going to churches because you know we didn't go to the same church with white people you we you know we had our little black little church and they had they and you knew they ugh and you know of course, of course they churches was big and pretty we just had the little wood churches them little shakes but, we had the holy ghost now (claps) we use to get down you know cause i went to church every every sunday, bible school you know but umm it was i mean looking back at it i see that it was hard you know from our parents but when , as me being a kid it it was it wasn't bad for me you know i mean because it was the way it was the time them it was you know and thats thats how i you know thats where i lived and that's how the people was and we just played and mind our business and you know play with each other and it wasn't like i didn't have a problem with it it was the older people it was out parents that you know but umm you know like i said i don't remember a lot because i was young you know i was a kid i was just in fourth grade at that time
dw: how did you feel about discrimination , did it .. did you feel any kind of way ?
aw: umm no well yea i do remember i felt a certain way one time cause my father use to take us to the beach every summer , and one summer he took us ………...
(media file not downloading )
Oral History
Research: Bloody Sunday happened on March 7, 1965. It was blacks and protesters protesting. They only traveled six blocks before they were beaten with clubs and also tear gassed. This march was devastating. 600 marchers went east from Selma, Alabama and were going on U.S. route 80. They only made it to Edmund Pettus Bridge six blocks away.
http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/al4.htm
Interview
Me: I’m Michael Parkinson and i’m going to be interviewing my mom mom Maryann Parkinson. What was your viewpoint on race growing up?
Mom mom: We didn’t really know too many black people. Some in high school. I had one friend in high school who actually didn’t live in Roxborough. So, they were just like everybody else like other people I met.
Me: Was your neighborhood predominantly white?
Mom mom: It was all white.
Me: It was all white? Do you remember anything about the civil rights movement?
Mom mom: Not really, I was just out of high school then and starting a family so I looked at it on the news. But other than that it did not really affect me.
Me: Do you remember any groups or anything during the civil rights movement?
Mom mom: No. Just some marches down south that we were basically… up north everything seemed fine. It was just down north that they were having a problem.
Me: Did the Civil Rights Movement affect any of your friends?
Mom mom: No, like I said I really didn’t have any black friends. And my friends were just more worried about the Vietnam war more than Civil Rights.
Me: Most of your friends were white since you lived in a predominantly white neighborhood?
Mom mom: They were all white except for one black girl that I became best friends with in high school.
Me: What was it like growing up in this time period?
Mom mom: Care-free, no problems, out every night, in cars. Basically we had no problems at all back then. I didn’t anyway. Or my friends.
Me: Were there any sections of your neighborhood that were all black?
Mom mom: Well there was one section about eight blocks wide that I didn’t even know about until my one son was in his teens and he had two black friends and they said that they came from this section that was all black. And it was only about six blocks away from me and I didn’t even know it existed.
Me: Has your viewpoint on race changed in any way since you grew up?
Mom mom: Well it hasn’t changed its broadened. I don’t see difference between black and white. Maybe I would not go into some of the badder neighborhoods if I were by myself and they were all black. Thats just the way I feel.
Me: Did you grow up with anybody that was racist or didn’t like a certain group of people?
Mom mom: I did not grow up with anybody that was racist. But, there was a definite dislike of some black people by the adults in my community.
Me: So they felt that they weren’t equal to whites?
Mom mom: I don’t think they did. No. I don’t think that kids felt it but I our parents and our grandparents felt it. They weren’t equal.
Me: Was your neighborhood affected in any way by black people? They just kept to themselves?
Mom mom: None. Not at all. Yup, kept to themselves. Basically in high school I didn’t realize it then but the blacks sat with themselves and the whites sat with themselves. We actually didn’t mingle. I did have one black friend and she did sit with the white kids.
Oral History Benchmark- JT
Mr. Roy my recording isn't able to show up but I believe you have it in your mail from when Tsion sent it to you.
Abstract
Miriam Rodriguez, reflects on her experiences of being a young girl around the specific times of 1960-1975. During the time frame of the interview, she talks about how much protection was given to her from her family. Which consisted of a Mother, Father, and 9 children that were older than her. Miriam believes that because of this constant protection she was shielded from most of the segregation and discrimination that was going on around her. She also begins to talk about how she believes, most of segregation was happening because of the fear of the unknown and differences of others. She talks about how people chose to hate the things that they don’t understand and that she believes most people that didn’t fear them (African Americans ), probably grow up in a rather prejudices environment. Lastly she speaks about gangs and how her mother feared for her safety, from young black girls that were running up behind other girls ( whites and hispanics ) and cutting off their hair. She then concludes the interview by saying she would have never changed her races if given the changes to and that she loves her life the way it is.
Research
In my research, I found that most white people discriminated against black people just because they were different from them. And that this wasn’t a valid reason for discrimination against other races. Also because for many generations, white people were taught that black people are barley or not-human.
Sources
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_do_white_people_hate_blacks?#slide=2
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1955-1968)
Subject- Miriam Rodriguez, born February 2, 1960. Relation to interviewer is grandmother.
JC: Hello my name is Jose Colon and I’m here with..
MR: Miriam Rodriguez.
JC: And it’s, the data is um March 15, I mean May 16, 2014. It’s about five forty five pm. And I’m just going to ask you um about ten questions, a series of questions.
MR: Okay
JC: Um first question, how do you believe race has changed over the years and what does race mean to you?
MR: Well race is different naxalites, to me and as far as um. When you say race I guess people also think of prejudices, and I think it’s gotten some what better but, we still have a ways to go.
JC: hm, and um. Do you believe race has an effect on modern day society?
MR: Well that’s um, well a little bit I guess, I think I think it um, people are still holding grudges and some people are still afraid of differences and, well like I said I think it’s there to better it’s just. I dont know what to say haahaaaaaa.
JC: Um what do you recall from the civil rights movement or the effects from it.
MR: What I recall is that is um. What’s that President the tall skinny one.
JC/MR: Abraham Lincoln.
MR: Haahaaaahaaahaa Ahh, it was around the time he was president, and I think it was about freeing the slaves but I think it was, also about um other politics I can’t recall what they are right now.
JC: mm. Did you um, ever hear of like talk of Martin Luther king.
MR: Um sure.
JC: mm was it all like, was it negative or was it positive.
MR: No I just remember seeing, um he did a lot um marches and, a lot of speeches and I, I was young at the time I've heard it through more like history. Even tho it was in my history, you know in my time I was to young to be part of the march or anything but. He used to live around um Allegheny actually, he had a house around there. Around Stetson the high school. I don’t know if you remember that school or not. Back in the old neighborhood. But um, yeah.
JC: So what if any are your experiences with discrimination?
MR: I don’t believe I ever been discriminated against. Um, I was more in a time of like gangs there were a lot of gangs in my time. Zoloe gang, Waloed gang I’m sure their were other gangs but, but um.
JC: Were the gangs ever race related? Was it like a….
MR: They were probably were, I was never in a gang but they probably were race related. I was sheltered, I’m the youngest of eight children so, I was pretty much sheltered.
JC: And ah what are some of your educational experiences?
MR: Well I love school but um, I was very shy because, probably because of my speech impediment. But um I think the teachers just didn’t understand me and I camped, they camped passing me to the next grade level. So I didn’t learn how to read well and I taught myself to read actually. When I was older I think I was um, I forget how old I was but I was teaching myself how to read and I read a lot of books and thats how I learned how to read. Picking up things here and there.
JC: Have you ever felt as tho your education was being affected by your race.
MR: By what?
JC: By your race.
MR: No I think my education was affected more with my speech impediment and um being passed through grades. I don’t know if had to do with race or anything? There was a short period there where I want to a speech therapist. I enjoyed that a lot.
JC: Um has your race ever stop, wait has your race ever stopped you from doing something.
MR: No
JC: No
MR: My parents were very ahh, what do you call it um they encouraged me that, they were trying to get me out of my shell so they encouraged me a lot.
JC: When you were a child do you recall black people being tried differently or them doing anything differently at all.
MR: I don’t um, like I said I was really young, I was the youngest of eight. Um I’m sheltered. So um, I do remember ah around the time I was a young teenager there were black girls um cutting hair of people who had long hair. They would sneak up behind them and cut their hair. Um that was in the news a lot I think or in the neighborhood conversions that, that was going on. I remember my mom being scared and ah putting my hair up and all.
JC: Why do you believe some people were tried unfair?
MR: That was fear. Um I think it had to do with um fear of the not knowing and being raised by people who are pragides and it got passed on. And instead of trying to get to know someone, they um they let their fear take over I guess.
JC: If you had the option to would you change your race? And If you did would it for the better or the worse.
MR: I wouldn’t change my race.
JC: ahah
MR: I mean I enjoyed my life my parents and eight kids old then you I had a great time.
JC: Thank you.